Tarsila de Aguiar do Amaral (1 September 1886 – 17 January 1973) was a Brazilian painter, draftswoman, and translator. She is considered one of the leading Latin American modernist artists, and is regarded as the painter who best achieved Brazilian aspirations for nationalistic expression in a modern style. As a member of the Grupo dos Cinco, Tarsila is also considered a major influence in the modern art movement in Brazil, alongside Anita Malfatti, Menotti Del Picchia, Mário de Andrade, and Oswald de Andrade. She was instrumental in the formation of the aesthetic movement, Antropofagia (1928–1929); in fact, Tarsila was the one with her celebrated painting, Abaporu, who inspired Oswald de Andrade's famous Manifesto Antropófago.

Tarsila de Aguiar do Amaral (Capivari, 1 de setembro de 1886 — São Paulo, 17 de janeiro de 1973) foi uma pintora, desenhista e tradutora brasileira. Ela é considerada uma das principais artistas modernistas latino-americanas, além de ser considerada a pintora que melhor alcançou as aspirações brasileiras de expressão nacionalista nesse estilo artístico.